Seafloor spreading can be defined as a process that involves the formation of new oceanic crust as a result of volcanic activities and an upwelling of molten magma at mid-ocean ridges, as well as a slowly increasing distance (outward movement) from the ridge.
The theory of seafloor spreading was established by Harry Hammond Hess and it can be used to explain in details the slowly increasing distance between South America and Africa which grows from the center.
A hot spot refers to an area deep within Earth's mantle or under the rocky outermost layer of Earth, from which heat rises through convection and acquired as heat energy by a landform.
In the United States of America, you will see a layered sedimentary rock that is exposed by erosion when you view the Grand Canyon.
Furthermore, Australia is made up of relatively old and thick continental crust. Also, subduction causes the formation of extremely deep ocean Marianas Trench.
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